Palha, ACortez, LTavares, APAgapito, A2017-03-152017-03-152016-11-01BMJ Case Rep. 2016 Nov 1;2016. pii: bcr2016215985.http://hdl.handle.net/10400.17/2636Androgen-secreting ovarian tumours are extremely rare accounting for <5% of all ovarian neoplasms. They are more frequent in postmenopausal women and should be suspected in the case of a rapid onset of androgenic symptoms. We report 4 cases of postmenopausal women who presented with signs of virilisation. All patients revealed increased serum levels of testosterone, normal dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate and negative pelvic ultrasound for adnexal masses. An androgen-secreting ovarian tumour was suspected and all of them were submitted to bilateral oophorectomy. Histology confirmed the diagnosis of Leydig cell tumours in 3 patients and mature teratoma in 1. A successful response to surgery, which includes a decline in serum androgen levels and signs of hyperandrogenism, was observed in our patients. This case series demonstrates that androgen-secreting ovarian neoplasms may not be detectable by imaging studies, but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all postmenopausal women with signs of hyperandrogenism.engAgedAndrogens/bloodFemaleHumansLeydig Cell Tumor/complicationsOvarian Neoplasms/complicationsOvariectomyPostmenopauseTeratoma/complicationsVirilism/etiologyAndrogens/secretionLeydig Cell Tumor/secretionLeydig Cell Tumor/surgeryOvarian Neoplasms/secretionOvarian Neoplasms/surgeryTeratoma/surgeryTeratoma/secretionCHLC ENDCHLC CIRjournal article10.1136/bcr-2016-215985