Agüero, FRimola, AStock, PGrossi, PRockstroh, JKAgarwal, KGarzoni, CBarcan, LAMaltez, FManzardo, CMari, MRagni, MVAnadol, EDi Benedetto, FNishida, SGastaca, MMiró, JM2017-07-212017-07-212016-02Am J Transplant. 2016 Feb;16(2):679-87http://hdl.handle.net/10400.17/2731Liver retransplantation is performed in HIV-infected patients, although its outcome is not well known. In an international cohort study (eight countries), 37 (6%; 32 coinfected with hepatitis C virus [HCV] and five with hepatitis B virus [HBV]) of 600 HIV-infected patients who had undergone liver transplant were retransplanted. The main indications for retransplantation were vascular complications (35%), primary graft nonfunction (22%), rejection (19%), and HCV recurrence (13%). Overall, 19 patients (51%) died after retransplantation. Survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 56%, 51%, and 51%, respectively. Among patients with HCV coinfection, HCV RNA replication status at retransplantation was the only significant prognostic factor. Patients with undetectable versus detectable HCV RNA had a survival probability of 80% versus 39% at 1 year and 80% versus 30% at 3 and 5 years (p = 0.025). Recurrence of hepatitis C was the main cause of death in the latter. Patients with HBV coinfection had survival of 80% at 1, 3, and 5 years after retransplantation. HIV infection was adequately controlled with antiretroviral therapy. In conclusion, liver retransplantation is an acceptable option for HIV-infected patients with HBV or HCV coinfection but undetectable HCV RNA. Retransplantation in patients with HCV replication should be reassessed prospectively in the era of new direct antiviral agents.engAdultCohort StudiesCoinfectionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGraft SurvivalHIV InfectionsHIV-1HepacivirusHepatitis BHepatitis B virusHepatitis CHumansInternational AgenciesMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisReoperationRisk FactorsSurvival RateLiver TransplantationPostoperative ComplicationsHCC INFjournal article10.1111/ajt.13461