Browsing by Author "Andrade, P"
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- Pathophysiology of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: a Systematic Review of the LiteraturePublication . Mendes-Bastos, P; Andrade, P; Cabete, J; Lobo, I; Massa, A; Lisboa, CHidradenitis suppurative (HS) is a multifactorial, recurrent, chronic inflammatory disease with a significant impact on patient’s quality of life. The etiopathogenesis of this complex condition is not fully understood. In this systematic review, we aimed to address and clarify the role of genetics, immunity, endocrinology, and skin microbiome together with risk factors in HS etio pathogenesis. A systematic review, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, was performed using PubMed® and Web of ScienceTM databases on December 3rd, 2021, using patient/population, intervention, comparison and outcomes (PICO) criteria, limited to the last 10 years and English. Reports were analyzed by two independent reviewers. A total of 123 reports were included and divided into five sections: genetics, immunity, endocrino logy, microbiome, and risk factors. Regarding genetics, up to 30-40% of patients have a positive family history of HS but only a small subset of these harbor genetic variants in components of the gamma-secretase complex. In fact, in more than 90% of HS patients, the genetic features contributing to disease development remain largely unknown. The immune response is also crucial for HS; it is characterized by antimicrobial peptide and proinflammatory cytokine dysregulation, namely interleukin (IL)—IL-23, IL-12, and Th17 immune response. This immune response in local and, consequently, systemic inflammation is amplified in patients with metabolic syndrome. The relationship between metabolic syndrome and HS is clear, and patients with metabolic syndrome have a higher risk of developing HS. The most recent evidence also associates skin microbiota dysbiosis with HS pathogenesis, contributing to local and systemic inflammation. Besides these intrinsic factors, the role of lifestyle in the development of HS is well accepted. Tobacco smoking and obesity are the main risk factors identified as con tributing to HS pathogenesis. Chronic inflammation characterizes HS, a debilitating condition with a complex and multifactorial etiopathogenesis. The current model integrates genetics, immunity, endocrinology, and skin microbiome. Notwithstanding, efforts should be made to improve our comprehension of HS etiopathogenesis, hopefully leading to the development of more effective treatments.
- Recomendações para o Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Infeção Não Complicada por Chlamydia trachomatis (Não- Linfogranuloma Venéreo) em PortugalPublication . Andrade, P; Azevedo, J; Lisboa, C; Fernandes, C; Borrego, MJ; Borges-Costa, J; Reis, J; Santiago, F; Santos, A; Alves, JChlamydia trachomatis infection is the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection in the world. Being associated with a large number of asymptomatic carriers, the diagnosis is frequently challenging and requires appropriate laboratory testing. In Portugal, the incidence of the disease has been consistently increasing in recent years, meaning that special awareness is required for case identification, contact tracing and application of appropriate treatments. These recommendations result from the adaptation of the international consensuses on the diagnosis and treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis infection to the Portuguese healthcare setting, with the aim of standardizing the clinical and laboratory approach to symptomatic and nonsymptomatic carriers of the disease.
- Small Bowel Enteroscopy - A Joint Clinical Guideline by the Spanish and Portuguese Small-Bowel Study GroupsPublication . Pérez-Cuadrado Robles, E; Pinho, R; González-Suárez, B; Mão-de-Ferro, S; Chagas, C; Esteban Delgado, P; Carretero, C; Figueiredo, P; Rosa, B; García-Lledó, J; Nogales, O; Ponte, A; Andrade, P; Juanmartiñena-Fernández, JF; San-Juan-Acosta, M; Lopes, S; Prieto-Frías, C; Egea Valenzuela, J; Caballero, N; Valdivieso-Cortázar, E; Cardoso, H; Gálvez, C; Almeida, N; Borque Barrera, P; Gómez Rodríguez, BJ; Sánchez Ceballos, FL; Bernardes, C; Alonso-Aguirre, P; Argüelles Arias, F; Mascarenhas Saraiva, MThe present evidence-based guidelines are focused on the use of device-assisted enteroscopy in the management of small-bowel diseases. A panel of experts selected by the Spanish and Portuguese small-bowel study groups reviewed the available evidence focusing on the main indications of this technique, its role in the management algorithm of each indication, and its diagnostic and therapeutic yield. A set of recommendations was issued accordingly.