Browsing by Author "Belo, A"
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- Cancer Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Have Non-Superior Bleeding Risk Compared to Patients with Similar Characteristics - a Propensity Score Analysis from the ProACS RegistryPublication . Mano, T; Timóteo, AT; Aguiar Rosa, S; Belo, A; Cruz Ferreira, R; ProACS Registry InvestigatorsIntroduction: The management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in malignancy is challenging due to higher bleeding risk. Methods: We analyzed patients with cancer (active or in the previous five years) prospectively included in the ProACS registry between 2010 and 2019. Our aim was to assess safety (major bleeding, primary endpoint) and secondary efficacy endpoints (in-hospital mortality and combined in-hospital mortality, reinfarction and ischemic stroke) of ACS treatment. Propensity score matching analysis (1:1) was further performed to better understand predictors of outcomes. Results: We found 934 (5%) cancer patients out of a total of 18 845 patients with ACS. Cancer patients had more events: major bleeding (2.9% vs. 1.5%), in-hospital mortality (5.8% vs. 3.4%) and the combined endpoint (7.4% vs. 4.9%). The primary endpoint was related to cancer diagnosis (OR 1.97), previous bleeding (OR 7.09), hemoglobin level (OR 4.94), atrial fibrillation (OR 3.50), oral anticoagulation (OR 3.67) and renal dysfunction. Mortality and the combined secondary endpoint were associated with lower use of invasive coronary angiography and antiplatelet and neurohormonal blocker therapy. After propensity score matching (350 patients), there were no statistically significant differences in endpoints between the populations. Conclusion: Bleeding risk was not significant higher in the cancer population compared to patients with similar characteristics, nor were mortality or ischemic risk. The presence of cancer should not preclude simultaneous ACS treatment.
- External Validation of the ProACS Score for Risk Stratification of Patients with Acute Coronary SyndromesPublication . Timóteo, AT; Aguiar Rosa, S; Nogueira, M; Belo, A; Cruz Ferreira, RINTRODUCTION: The ProACS risk score is an early and simple risk stratification score developed for all-cause in-hospital mortality in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) from a Portuguese nationwide ACS registry. Our center only recently participated in the registry and was not included in the cohort used for developing the score. Our objective was to perform an external validation of this risk score for short- and long-term follow-up. METHODS: Consecutive patients admitted to our center with ACS were included. Demographic and admission characteristics, as well as treatment and outcome data were collected. The ProACS risk score variables are age (≥72 years), systolic blood pressure (≤116 mmHg), Killip class (2/3 or 4) and ST-segment elevation. We calculated ProACS, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) and Canada Acute Coronary Syndrome risk score (C-ACS) risk scores for each patient. RESULTS: A total of 3170 patients were included, with a mean age of 64±13 years, 62% with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. All-cause in-hospital mortality was 5.7% and 10.3% at one-year follow-up. The ProACS risk score showed good discriminative ability for all considered outcomes (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve >0.75) and a good fit, similar to C-ACS, but lower than the GRACE risk score and slightly lower than in the original development cohort. The ProACS risk score provided good differentiation between patients at low, intermediate and high mortality risk in both short- and long-term follow-up (p<0.001 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: The ProACS score is valid in external cohorts for risk stratification for ACS. It can be applied very early, at the first medical contact, but should subsequently be complemented by the GRACE risk score.
- Hemorragia Digestiva Alta Recorrente por Pseudo-Aneurisma da Artéria GastroduodenalPublication . Costa, PP; Carvalho, M; Belo, A; Garcia, V; Nobre, IOs autores apresentam o caso clínico de um homem de 39 anos de idade com antecedentes de pancreatite crónica, que apresenta um quadro de hemorragia digestiva alta recorrente, com repercussão hemodinâmica, endoscopias altas sucessivas sem alterações, e cujos exames imagiológicos revelam presença de mal-formação vascular do tronco celíaco. Na sequência de mais um episódio de hemorragia digestiva alta com franca repercussão hemodinâmica, é internado no Serviço de Medicina,realizando arteriografia selectiva que mostrou a presença de pseudo-aneurisma da artéria gastroduodenal. Após a embolização, verificou-se uma progressiva e mantida melhoria da sua situação clínica. Descrevem os autores um quadro de hemorragia digestiva alta recorrente por malformação arterial associada à pancreatite crónica.
- Prevalência de Obstrução numa População Exposta ao Fumo do Tabaco - Projecto PNEUMOBILPublication . Reis Ferreira, JM; Matos, MJ; Rodrigues, F; Belo, A; Brites, H; Cardoso, J; Simão, P; Moutinho dos Santos, J; Almeida, J; Gouveia, A; Bárbara, CA espirometria não atingiu ainda a divulgação que se justificaria em patologia respiratória, ou indivíduos que se encontram em risco relativamente a esta patologia, cujo diagnóstico é insuficiente, havendo um escasso conhecimento, e consequente controlo, dos custos atribuíveis a estas doenças, com destaque para a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica (DPOC). O PNEUMOBIL, iniciativa que visa esta divulgação entre fumadores e ex -fumadores, foi reactivado, após 10 anos de aplicação em Portugal, revelando agora, numa amostra de 5324 indivíduos, em que cerca de 50% ainda mantêm os hábitos tabágicos, sejam do sexo masculino ou feminino, que houve uma elevada prevalência de obstrução detectada por espirometria (30% e 25%, respectivamente) nas pessoas rastreadas perto de centros de saúde (grupo público) e em empresas (grupo privado). Este risco não se explica em regra por exposição ocupacional, nem se relaciona com a maioria dos sintomas respiratórios, muito frequentes nos rastreados. Apenas a dispneia (OR=1,28; p=0,02) e os episódios frequentes de expectoração (OR=1,21; p=0,008) ou de bronquite aguda (OR=1,31; p=0,05) revelam alguma relação com a obstrução. O reconhecimento prévio da DPOC é muito reduzido e a presença de obstrução não se correlaciona (p=0,204) com o assumir da condição de portador.
- ProACS Risk Score: an Early and Simple Score for Risk Stratification of Patients with Acute Coronary SyndromesPublication . Timóteo, AT; Rosa, S; Nogueira, M; Belo, A; Cruz Ferreira, RINTRODUCTION: There are barriers to proper implementation of risk stratification scores in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including their complexity. Our objective was to develop a simple score for risk stratification of all-cause in-hospital mortality in a population of patients with ACS. METHODS: The score was developed from a nationwide ACS registry. The development and internal validation cohorts were obtained from the first 31829 patients, randomly separated (60% and 40%, respectively). The external validation cohort consisted of the last 8586 patients included in the registry. This cohort is significantly different from the other cohorts in terms of baseline characteristics, treatment and mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to select four variables with the highest predictive potential. A score was allocated to each parameter based on the regression coefficient of each variable in the logistic regression model: 1 point for systolic blood pressure ≤116 mmHg, Killip class 2 or 3, and ST-segment elevation; 2 points for age ≥72 years; and 3 points for Killip class 4. RESULTS: The new score had good discriminative ability in the development cohort (area under the curve [AUC] 0.796), and it was similar in the internal validation cohort (AUC 0.785, p=0.333). In the external validation cohort, there was also excellent discriminative ability (AUC 0.815), with an adequate fit. CONCLUSIONS: The ProACS risk score enables easy and simple risk stratification of patients with ACS for in-hospital mortality that can be used at the first medical contact, with excellent predictive ability in a contemporary population.
- Risk Factor Paradox in the Occurrence of Cardiac Arrest in Acute Coronary Syndrome PatientsPublication . Aguiar Rosa, S; Timóteo, AT; Nogueira, M; Belo, A; Cruz Ferreira, ROBJECTIVE:: To compare patients without previously diagnosed cardiovascular risk factors) and patients with one or more risk factors admitted with acute coronary syndrome. METHODS:: This was a retrospective analysis of patients admitted with first episode of acute coronary syndrome without previous heart disease, who were included in a national acute coronary syndrome registry. The patients were divided according to the number of risk factors, as follows: 0 risk factor (G0), 1 or 2 risk factors (G1 - 2) and 3 or more risk factors (G ≥ 3). Comparative analysis was performed between the three groups, and independent predictors of cardiac arrest and death were studied. RESULTS:: A total of 5,518 patients were studied, of which 72.2% were male and the mean age was 64 ± 14 years. G0 had a greater incidence of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, with the left anterior descending artery being the most frequently involved vessel, and a lower prevalence of multivessel disease. Even though G0 had a lower Killip class (96% in Killip I; p < 0.001) and higher ejection fraction (G0 56 ± 10% versus G1 - 2 and G ≥ 3 53 ± 12%; p = 0.024) on admission, there was a significant higher incidence of cardiac arrest. Multivariate analysis identified the absence of risk factors as an independent predictor of cardiac arrest (OR 2.78; p = 0.019). Hospital mortality was slightly higher in G0, although this difference was not significant. By Cox regression analysis, the number of risk factors was found not to be associated with mortality. Predictors of death at 1 year follow up included age (OR 1.05; p < 0.001), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (OR 1.94; p = 0.003) and ejection fraction < 50% (OR 2.34; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION:: Even though the group without risk factors was composed of younger patients with fewer comorbidities, better left ventricular function and less extensive coronary disease, the absence of risk factors was an independent predictor of cardiac arrest.
- Role of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Counterpulsation in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock: Evidence from the Portuguese Nationwide RegistryPublication . Timóteo, AT; Nogueira, M; Aguiar Rosa, S; Belo, A; Cruz Ferreira, RBACKGROUND: In previous guidelines, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use was strongly recommended in the treatment of cardiogenic shock in the context of acute myocardial infarction. The recent IABP-SHOCK II trial demonstrated no benefit in short- and medium-term mortality with the use of IABP. It was our objective to evaluate in a real life nationwide population of patients with acute myocardial infarction the impact of IABP in short- and medium-term mortality. METHODS: We included patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction in Killip class IV in the first 24 hours, all submitted to urgent coronary angiography. Our study objective was the occurrence of hospital and six-month all-cause mortality. RESULTS: From the 33,300 patients included in the registry, 4.2% presented with Killip class IV in the first 24 hours and 646 (43.6%) were submitted to urgent coronary angiography. IABP was implanted in 19.8% of these patients. The IABP group was younger, had higher admission heart rate, more multivessel disease and more left main disease. There were 260 hospital deaths (40.2%), similar between groups (46.1% vs. 38.8%, p=0.132). IABP use was associated with a deleterious effect in patients with previous MI and beneficial effect in patients with mechanical complications. IABP use had a neutral effect on mortality (hazard ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval 0.84-1.56). This was further confirmed in a propensity score matching analysis. CONCLUSIONS: In a real life population of patients with acute myocardial infarction, the use of IABP for the treatment of cardiogenic shock was associated with a neutral effect.
- Sarcoma Indiferenciado do Fígado no AdultoPublication . Martins, C; Marcão, I; Belo, A; Rolo, J; Cabrita, F; Almeida Partidário; Castano, JOs AA apresentam um caso clínico de sarcoma indiferenciado do fígado no adulto com metástases pulmonares, cardíacas e com recidiva local hepática. Salienta-se a contribuição dos exames complementares de diagnóstico, com especial relevo para a ecocardiografia no diagnóstico precoce de metástases intracardiacas. Não encontrámos qualquer outro caso descrito na literatura portuguesa.