Browsing by Author "Gomes, G"
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- Diabetes Gestacional nos Anos 2000 e 2010: Retrato de uma Sociedade?Publication . Simões, A; Robalo, R; Gomes, G; Aleixo, F; Amaral, N; Guerra, SObjetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar as características de mulheres com diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional, em 2 anos, separados por uma década. Tipo de estudo: Estudo retrospetivo. Local: Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa. População: Grávidas vigiadas na nossa instituição com diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional nos anos de 2000 (103 mulheres) e 2010 (299 mulheres). Métodos: Foram comparados 2 grupos de grávidas: as grávidas vigiadas no ano 2000 e as vigiadas em 2010. Resultados: No ano 2010 verificou-se um aumento estatisticamente significativo das mulheres com naturalidade estrangeira e do nível de escolaridade. O recurso a insulinoterapia para controlo metabólico diminuiu no mesmo grupo, tal como a taxa de cesarianas, tendo-se verificado um aumento da percentagem de mulheres reclassificadas no pós-parto. Conclusões: A maior percentagem de estrangeiras e o aumento da escolaridade média reflete as alterações sociodemográficas que a população residente sofreu. A maior ênfase dada nos últimos anos ao cuidado nutricional permitiu diminuir a insulinoterapia. Estas diferenças poderão refletir um maior controlo das grávidas com diabetes gestacional.
- Infecções Urinárias e Gravidez - Diagnóstico, Terapêutica e PrevençãoPublication . Figueiredo, A; Gomes, G; Campos, AObjectives: Literature review of classification, epidemiology, pathophysiology, microbiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications, treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections (UTI) in pregnancy. Data Sources and Review Methods: Bibliographic research in Medline, through PubMed and Medscape, of systematic reviews, observational studies, clinical guidelines, meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials published between January 1992 and December 2010. Results: Asymptomatic bacteriuria occurs in 2 to 10% of pregnant women, 30% of which will develop acute pyelonephritis if left untreated. Treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria has been shown to reduce the risk of pyelonephritis in pregnancy. Therefore, screening and treatment of this form of UTI has become a standard of obstetrical care, although the ideal duration of the treatment is still controverse. Acute pyelonephritis is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy and may be associated with maternal, obstetric and perinatal complications. There is no clear consensus in the literature regarding antibiotic choice or duration of therapy for symptomatic UTI. Increasing antibiotic resistance complicates the choice of empirical regimens and local resistance rates need to be taken into account when deciding the therapy. Considering the high rate of recurrence of UTI during pregnancy, prophylactic measures need to be taken in pregnant women who have already experienced UTI during their current pregnancy. Conclusions: Although UTI is a generally benign condition in non-pregnant women, it may be a potentially serious complication during pregnancy. Early diagnosis and treatment of UTI during pregnancy are mandatory and can prevent severe maternal and perinatal complications.
- Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva das Adolescentes - a Nossa RealidadePublication . Oliveira Marques, C; Gomes, G; Correia, L; Palma, F; Martins, I; Alves, MJOverview and Aims: Several behavioral and biological factors can make adolescents particularly vulnerable to unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate sexual behavior and contraceptive use patterns of a population of adolescents. Study Design: Retrospective study. Population: 163 female adolescents attending an Adolescence Unit for the first time, during 2010. Methods: Analysis of clinical charts and assessment of demographic data, smoking and drinking habits, drug use, gynecologic and obstetric history, sexual behavior and contraceptive use. Results: The mean age was 16.04 years (±1.32). 71.7% were students (of these, 70% had failed one or more years and were behind in their studies), 2.5% were working and 23.9% were neither studying or working. 95.1% had already had sexual intercourse and the mean age of first coitus was 14.53 years (±1.24). There was a history of at least one previous pregnancy in 77.3% of the cases. Before the first appointment at the AU, the contraceptive methods used were: the pill (33.2%, but 41.3% of these reported inconsistent use), and the condom (23.9%, with inconsistent use in 28.3% of these cases). 19.6% did not use any contraceptive method.. After counseling at the AU, 54% of the teenagers chose the contraceptive implant and 35% preferred the pill. Adolescents who had already been pregnant preferred a long acting method (namely, the contraceptive implant)in 61.9% of cases; those who had never been pregnant decided to use an oral contraceptive in 67.6% of cases (p<0.001). Conclusions: After counseling the number of teenagers using contraception increased. In this population there were a high number of adolescents with a previous pregnancy. This factor seems to have influenced the choice of the contraceptive method, with most of these adolescents choosing a long-acting method.