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Browsing by Author "Pelosi, P"

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  • Association Between Ventilatory Settings and Development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Due to Brain Injury
    Publication . Tejerina, E; Pelosi, P; Muriel, A; Peñuelas, O; Sutherasan, Y; Frutos-Vivar, F; Nin, N; Davies, AR; Rios, F; Violi, DA; Raymondos, K; Hurtado, J; González, M; Du, B; Amin, P; Maggiore, SM; Thille, AW; Soares, MA; Jibaja, M; Villagomez, AJ; Kuiper, MA; Koh, Y; Moreno, R; Zeggwagh, AA; Matamis, D; Anzueto, A; Ferguson, ND; Esteban, A
    PURPOSE: In neurologically critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation (MV), the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality, but the role of ventilatory management has been scarcely evaluated. We evaluate the association of tidal volume, level of PEEP and driving pressure with the development of ARDS in a population of patients with brain injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective, observational study on mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: We included 986 patients mechanically ventilated due to an acute brain injury (hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke or brain trauma). Incidence of ARDS in this cohort was 3%. Multivariate analysis suggested that driving pressure could be associated with the development of ARDS (odds ratio for unit increment of driving pressure 1.12; confidence interval for 95%: 1.01 to 1.23) whereas we did not observe association for tidal volume (in ml per kg of predicted body weight) or level of PEEP. ARDS was associated with an increase in mortality, longer duration of mechanical ventilation, and longer ICU length of stay. CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of brain-injured patients the development of ARDS was not common. Driving pressure was associated with the development of this disease.
    2017Journal article Open access Show more
  • Preoperative Abnormalities in Serum Sodium Concentrations Are Associated with Higher in-Hospital Mortality in Patients Undergoing Major Surgery
    Publication . Cecconi, M; Hochrieser, H; Chew, M; Grocott, M; Hoeft, A; Hoste, A; Jammer, I; Posch, M; Metnitz, P; Pelosi, P; Moreno, R; Pearse, RM; Vincent, JL; Rhodes, A
    BACKGROUND: Abnormal serum sodium concentrations are common in patients presenting for surgery. It remains unclear whether these abnormalities are independent risk factors for postoperative mortality. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of the European Surgical Outcome Study (EuSOS) that provided data describing 46 539 patients undergoing inpatient non-cardiac surgery. Patients were included in this study if they had a recorded value of preoperative serum sodium within the 28 days immediately before surgery. Data describing preoperative risk factors and serum sodium concentrations were analysed to investigate the relationship with in-hospital mortality using univariate and multivariate logistic regression techniques. RESULTS: Of 35 816 (77.0%) patients from the EuSOS database, 21 943 (61.3%) had normal values of serum sodium (138-142 mmol litre(-1)) before surgery, 8538 (23.8%) had hyponatraemia (serum sodium ≤137 mmol litre(-1)) and 5335 (14.9%) had hypernatraemia (serum sodium ≥143 mmol litre(-1)). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, moderate to severe hypernatraemia (serum sodium concentration ≥150 mmol litre(-1)) was independently associated with mortality [odds ratio 3.4 (95% confidence interval 2.0-6.0), P<0.0001]. Hyponatraemia was not associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative abnormalities in serum sodium concentrations are common, and hypernatraemia is associated with increased mortality after surgery. Abnormalities of serum sodium concentration may be an important biomarker of perioperative risk resulting from co-morbid disease.
    2016-01Journal article Open access Show more