Browsing by Author "Teixeira, JA"
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- Daily Intake of Wheat Germ-Enriched Bread May Promote a Healthy Gut Bacterial Microbiota: a Randomised Controlled TrialPublication . Moreira-Rosário, A; Marques, C; Pinheiro, H; Norberto, S; Sintra, D; Teixeira, JA; Calhau, C; Azevedo, LFPurpose: Wheat bran fibre has a beneficial effect on gastrointestinal function, but evidence for wheat germ is scarce. Accordingly, we evaluated the effects of daily intake of wheat germ on gastrointestinal discomfort and gut microbiota by adding wheat germ to refined (white) wheat bread, the most consumed bread type. We hypothesised that an improvement in the composition of refined bread could beneficially affect intestinal health without compromising consumers' acceptance. Methods: Fifty-five healthy adults were recruited for a randomised, double-blind, crossover, controlled trial comprising two 4-week intervention periods separated by a 5-week washout stage. During the first 4-week period, one group consumed wheat bread enriched with 6 g of wheat germ and the control group consumed non-enriched wheat bread. Results: Wheat germ-enriched bread was well-appreciated and the number of participants that demonstrated minimal gastrointestinal improvements after wheat-germ intake was higher than in the control arm. Importantly, intake of wheat germ-enriched bread decreased the perceived gastrointestinal discomfort-related quality of life (subscale worries and concerns) over refined white bread. The improvements in the gastrointestinal function were accompanied by favourable changes in gut microbiota, increasing the number of Bacteroides spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. Conclusions: Adding wheat germ to industrially made white bread without altering sensory properties may promote a healthy gut bacterial microbiota and the gastrointestinal health.
- Does Intake of Bread Supplemented with Wheat Germ Have a Preventive Role on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Healthy Volunteers? A Randomised, Controlled, Crossover TrialPublication . Moreira-Rosário, A; Pinheiro, H; Marques, C; Teixeira, JA; Calhau, C; Azevedo, LFOBJECTIVE: Intake of whole grains is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This evidence is also strong for bran alone, but findings about germ are conflicting. Our aim was to elucidate the role of germ in primary prevention of cardiovascular events, and therefore, a staple food was selected for 6 g of germ supplementation. This corresponds to sixfold increase in the global mean consumption of germ, while preserving the sensory proprieties of refined bread which is crucial for consumer's acceptance. DESIGN: Randomised, double-blinded, crossover, controlled clinical trial with 15-week follow-up comprising a 2-week run-in, two intervention periods of 4 weeks each and a 5-week washout period. SETTING: A single centre in the north of Portugal. PARTICIPANTS: 55 eligible healthy adults (mean age of 34 years and body mass index between 19 and 38 kg/m2) were randomly assigned. INTERVENTIONS: The study consisted of two intervention periods including daily intake of refined wheat bread enriched with 6 g of wheat germ and control (non-enriched bread). OUTCOMES: Changes in fasting cholesterol and triglycerides, fasting and postprandial glucose, insulin sensitivity and C reactive protein. RESULTS: We observed no significant effect of daily intake of wheat germ on cholesterol and triglycerides levels, on postprandial glucose response and on insulin sensitivity. Incremental area under curve glucose and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance did not change, suggesting that 6 g of wheat germ have no effect on glucose metabolism. No effect was also observed in the subgroup of participants who complied with the protocol (n=47). CONCLUSIONS: The absence of alterations on lipid and glucose profiles suggests that germ up to 6 g/day may have no preventive effect on CVD risk. However, it is important to investigate other food vehicles that can accommodate higher doses of wheat germ in future studies.
- Recomendações para Análise Mutacional em Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal (GISTs). Grupo de Trabalho Português GIST - Proposta de CondeixaPublication . Lopes, JM; Soares, M; Gouveia, AM; Barroso, S; Cravo, M; Mansinho, H; Penedo, J; Sá, A; Santos, LL; Teixeira, JAOs autores apresentam as recomendações para a análise mutacional de GISTs, aprovadas por unanimidade por um grupo multidisciplinar em 20 de Julho de 2012. O estado mutacional de genes como o KIT e o PDGFRA permite identificar alvos terapêuticos para inibidores da tirosinacínase (ITKs) e, por isso, a boa prática clínica nas decisões bioterapêuticas de doentes com GISTs deve incluir a análise do estado mutacional. A análise mutacional da doença primária não é recomendada na rotina diagnóstica da generalidade dos GISTs; no entanto, pode ter valor prognóstico e ser útil na seleção de doentes, após ressecção completa de GIST primário e é considerada experimental na doença progressiva sob tratamento com ITKs. A análise mutacional deve considerar-se nos casos selecionados descritos neste texto e ser realizada em laboratórios em conformidade com padrões elevados de garantia de qualidade, atendendo ao seu elevado impacto sobre as decisões clínicas.