Browsing by Author "Seixas, J"
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- Association of Enteric Parasitic Infections with Intestinal Inflammation and Permeability in Asymptomatic Infants of São Tomé IslandPublication . Garzón, M; Pereira-da-Silva, L; Seixas, J; Papoila, AL; Alves, M; Ferreira, F; Reis, AThe cumulative effect of repeated asymptomatic enteric infections on intestinal barrier is not fully understood in infants. We aimed to evaluate the association between previous enteric parasitic infections and intestinal inflammation and permeability at 24-months of age, in asymptomatic infants of São Tomé Island. A subset of infants from a birth cohort, with intestinal parasite evaluations in at least four points of assessment, was eligible. Intestinal inflammatory response and permeability were assessed using fecal S100A12 and alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT), respectively. The cutoff <-1SD for weight-for-length and length-for-age was used to define wasting and stunting. Multivariable linear regression analysis explored if cumulative enteric parasitic infections explained variability of fecal biomarkers, after adjusting for potential confounders. Eighty infants were included. Giardia duodenalis and soil-transmitted helminths (STH) were the most frequent parasites. The median (interquartile range) levels were 2.87 μg/g (2.41-3.92) for S100A12 and 165.1 μg/g (66.0-275.6) for A1AT. Weak evidence of association was found between S100A12 levels and G. duodenalis (p = 0.080) and STH infections (p = 0.089), and between A1AT levels and parasitic infection of any etiology (p = 0.089), at 24-months of age. Significant associations between A1AT levels and wasting (p = 0.006) and stunting (p = 0.044) were found. Previous parasitic infections were not associated with fecal biomarkers at 24 months of age. To summarize, previous asymptomatic parasitic infections showed no association with intestinal barrier dysfunction. Notwithstanding, a tendency toward increased levels of the inflammatory biomarker was observed for current G. duodenalis and STH infections, and increased levels of the permeability biomarker were significantly associated with stunting and wasting.
- Miringoplastia em População Pediátrica – Análise Retrospetiva de 5 AnosPublication . Seixas, J; Vaz Pinto, P; Palma Delgado, I; Melo, P; Sousa, HObjetivos: As miringoplastias são cirurgias frequentemente realizadas em idade pediátrica, existindo controvérsia quanto à melhor técnica cirúrgica e fatores que influenciam o seu sucesso. O objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar uma população de doentes pediátricos submetidos a miringoplastia e avaliar como desfechos: o encerramento da perfuração, resultado audiométrico e existência de fatores determinantes de sucesso cirúrgico. Desenho do Estudo: Estudo retrospetivo descritivo Material e Métodos: Foram avaliados 56 doentes (57 ouvidos) com média de idades de 10,4±3,2 anos (6-17 anos) num período de 5 anos (2016-2020) Resultados: A maioria das perfurações ocorreu após colocação de tubo de ventilação transtimpânico. A técnica cirúrgica mais utilizada foi a abordagem retroauricular com colocação de fascia temporalis underlay obtendo-se uma taxa de sucesso de 74% após 30 meses de seguimento médio. O limiar tonal médio da via aérea melhorou significativamente após o procedimento. A presença de malformações craniofaciais relacionou-se com um menor encerramento do Rinne audiométrico. Conclusões: As miringoplastias em idade pediátrica têm uma elevada taxa de sucesso.
- Subclinical Enteric Parasitic Infections and Growth Faltering in Infants in São Tomé, Africa: A Birth Cohort StudyPublication . Garzón, M; Pereira-da-Silva, L; Seixas, J; Papoila, A; Alves, MThe associations between enteric pathogenic parasites and growth in infants in São Tomé were explored using a refined anthropometric approach to recognize early growth faltering. A birth cohort study was conducted with follow-up to 24 months of age. Microscopic examination for protozoa and soil-transmitted helminths was performed. Anthropometric assessments included: z-scores for weight-for-length (WLZ), length-for-age (LAZ), weight (WAVZ) and length velocities (LAVZ), length-for-age difference (LAD), and wasting and stunting risk (≤-1 SD). Generalized additive mixed effects regression models were used to explore the associations between anthropometric parameters and enteric parasitic infections and cofactors. A total of 475 infants were enrolled, and 282 completed the study. The great majority of infants were asymptomatic. Giardia lamblia was detected in 35.1% of infants in at least one stool sample, helminths in 30.4%, and Cryptosporidium spp. in 14.7%. Giardia lamblia and helminth infections were significantly associated with mean decreases of 0.10 in LAZ and 0.32 in LAD, and of 0.16 in LAZ and 0.48 in LAD, respectively. Cryptosporidium spp. infection was significantly associated with a mean decrease of 0.43 in WAVZ and 0.55 in LAVZ. The underestimated association between subclinical parasitic enteric infections and mild growth faltering in infants should be addressed in public health policies.