Browsing by Author "Dias, L"
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- Clonidina por Via Epidural em ObstetríciaPublication . Lança, M; Dias, L; Casqueiro, L; Tomé, TOs autores propuseram-se verificar a eficácia analgésica da clonidina quando administrada por via epidural no trabalho de parto; comprovar o aumento da duração de analgesia quando associada a outros fármacos, assim como estudar efeitos acessórios a nível materno e fetal.
- CT-Proven Ischaemic Stroke as the First Manifestation of Occult Lung CancerPublication . Azeredo Costa, J; Rodrigues, M; Monteiro, M; Salvado, V; Dias, LCancer is associated with a higher risk of stroke, and in rare cases stroke can be the first manifestation of occult neoplasia. We present the case of a 74-year-old woman hospitalized for ischaemic stroke with multiple cerebral infarctions in several vascular territories. The exclusion of other aetiologies and the simultaneous presence of thromboembolic events in other organs raised the suspicion of a hypercoagulable state, which upon investigation revealed occult neoplasia of the lung. There was rapid deterioration, with recurrent thrombotic events despite anticoagulation, which eventually led to the patient's death. Learning points: Stroke can be the first manifestation of occult neoplasia.In the presence of cryptogenic stroke, high D-dimers, multiple brain infarctions in different vascular territories and thromboembolic events in other organs, the possibility of hidden neoplasia should be considered.Anticoagulation in disseminated intravascular coagulation is insufficient if the primary disease is not treated.
- Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Receiving Dialysis in Portugal: a Nationwide Multicentre SurveyPublication . Lopes, JA; Abreu, F; Almeida, E; Carvalho, B; Carmo, C; Carvalho, D; Barber, E; Costa, F; Silva, G; Boquinhas, H; Graça Silva, J; Inchaustegui, L; Dias, L; Batista, M; Neves, P; Mendes, TBackground: Data on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients receiving dialysis in Portugal is scarce. Methods: This nationwide epidemiological survey retrospectively evaluates HIV-infected patients on chronic dialysis in Portugal between 1997 and 2002. Results: Sixty-six patients were evaluated (mean age: 39.1±1.6 years, 47 men, 35 black African). Sixty-two patients started dialysis and 4 patients who were receiving dialysis had HIV seroconversion. Eighty-five percent of patients were treated in Lisbon. The annual incidence of HIV-infected patients on chronic dialysis was 0.5% in 1997 and 0.9% in 2002. Seventy-eight percent of patients were HIV-1 infected , 13% had hepatitis B and 31% hepatitis C. Sexual contact was the mode of transmission of HIV in 53% of cases. Four patients had biopsy-proved HIV-associated nephropathy. Ninety-five percent of patients were on chronic hemodialysis. Fifty percent of patients had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. At follow-up, 12 patients died. HIV-infected CKD patient survival after starting dialysis was 80% at 3 years. Conclusion: The incidence of HIV-infected patients on chronic dialysis in Portugal has almost doubled. Widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy and the increasing number of black Africans from former overseas Portuguese colonies now living in Portugal are possible reasons for this large increase.
- Dor à Palpação da TiróidePublication . Pité, H; Moitinho, M; Silva, A; Ortigueira, I; Dias, L; Gomes, VA 37-years-old woman, complaining of fever, malaise, myalgia, sore throat and dysphagia lasting for 15 days, had been taking antibiotics and paracetamol for 7 days, without symptoms' improvement. The clinical examination revealed hyperaemic oropharynx and enlarged, painful thyroid. Further exams showed increased analytic inflammatory serum parameters as well as thyrotoxicosis. The thyroid gland had heterogeneous echostructure, with markedly hypoechoic areas and significant capsular oedema as well as decreased radionuclide uptake in the scintigraphy. Both symptoms and imaging improved with paracetamol and ibuprofen. Thyroid gland function normalized in two months. The patient remains in follow-up. This case reports the clinical features of subacute or De Quervain's thyroiditis. The differential medical approach to the patient with painful thyroid palpation is discussed. The diagnosis is essentially clinic, highlighting the importance of a rigorous physical exam. These patients' follow-up is required, considering the clinical and analytic progression.
- Mitral Valve Myxomas: an Unusual EntityPublication . Oliveira, R; Branco, LM; Dias, L; Timóteo, AT; Patrício, L; Agapito, A; Robalo, F; Mendes, J; Pinto, E; Cruz Ferreira, RPrimary tumours of the heart are uncommon entities, cardiac myxomas being the most frequent. However, mitral valve myxomas are exceptionally rare. In the last 12 years, there have been 25 myxomas diagnosed at our institution, with only two of them originating from the mitral valve. Both patients were female, the first, 25, and the second, 72 years old. The younger patient was very symptomatic with a large mass, 4 cm long, which involved both leaflets causing significant obstruction to the left ventricular inflow. The second one had a smaller mass located at the atrial side of the posterior leaflet that only produced some flow divergence. Neither of them had constitutional nor embolic symptoms. Both patients were submitted to emergent surgical resection that in the first case involved the mitral valve and replacement with mechanical prosthesis. The macroscopic appearance of these tumours suggested a malignant aetiology which may represent somewhat different features of the myxomas when originating from the cardiac valves. Both patients are well reflecting the good prognosis of this illness after resection, although the younger patient was re-operated because of prosthetic valve obstruction and suspicion of recurrence that was not confirmed. Because of the illustrative images and different presentations, we found it interesting to report and discuss them together.
- Perfil Hipertensivo dos Doentes com Doença Vascular CerebralPublication . Nunes, A; Dias, L; Ribeiro, J; Gomes, V; Baptista, AA HTA é uma das situações de risco mais referenciada para o ocorrência de doença vascular cerebral. Estão documentados antecedentes de HTA em 25 a 40% dos doentes que sofreram AVC. Outros estudos apontam para uma frequência de 80% de HTA na altura do acidente. Por isso, é importante o conhecimento da história evolutiva da HTA, bem como a sua repercursão num doente com AVC. Os autores apresentam um estudo prospectivo de 470 doentes que sofreram um primeiro AVC ou AIT. Pretendem analisar o perfil hipertensivo desses doentes, relacioná-lo com o tipo de doença vascular cerebral, e caracterizar a evolução da HTA 6 meses após o acidente. Após a análise estatística dos resultados obtidos concluíram: - na população estudada a prevalência de HTA foi de 67,2%; - 68% dos doentes com antecedentes de HTA não tinham a HTA controlada na altura do acidente; - a duração média de HTA conhecida antes do AVC ou AIT foi de 104 meses; - a HTA foi de início mais precoce e de estádio mais grave nos doentes com AVC hemorrágico, comparativamente com os doentes que sofreram doença vascular isquémica; - seis meses após AVC/AIT, 65% dos doentes não tinham a HTA controlada.
- Prescription Pattern of Proton Pump Inhibitors at Hospital Admission and DischargePublication . Gamelas, V; Salvado, V; Dias, LBackground: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) have reportedly been used in inappropriate clinical settings, often leading to an increased risk of adverse effects, drug interactions, and costs. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of PPI prescription in an internal medicine ward. Methods: The discharged home inpatients of a segment in the medicine department of a central hospital in the first trimester of 2017 were evaluated; those who died or were transferred to another unit were excluded. Data on gender, age, admission, and discharge therapy and diagnoses which could support PPI use were collected from clinical records. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2013® and IBM SPSS Statistics 20®. Results: A total of 318 hospitalizations were included, corresponding to 301 patients; 171 (56.8%) were female and the average age was 75.4 ± 14.6 years. Among the 318 hospitalizations, 148 patients (46.5%) were on PPI at admission and 175 (55%) at discharge, the majority of them without indication (n = 91, 61.5% vs. n = 109, 62.3%). The main inappropriate indication was anticoagulation alone (n = 33, 36.3% vs. n = 43, 39.4%). There was indication for PPI therapy in 93 (29.2%) of the cases at admission and 111 (34.9%) at discharge, mostly for prophylaxis of gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients (n = 82, 88.2% vs. n = 96, 86.5%). Among those with indication, 57 (61.3%) were medicated at admission versus 66 (59%) at discharge. The association between PPI therapy and an indication for its prescription was lost by the time of discharge (p = 0.245). Conclusions: PPI prescription is not in agreement with existing recommendations, which is why it should be revised at hospital discharge. The primary indication for PPI therapy is the prophylaxis of gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients and the main inappropriate indication is prophylaxis in low-risk patients. A large proportion of the patients indicated for PPI use were discharged without prescription.
- Qualidade de Vida Pós-Transplante Hepático em Doentes com ParamiloidosePublication . Pereira, A; Moreno, F; Dias, L; Cordeiro, MC; Pereira, VEste estudo surgiu em contexto de trabalho na Unidade de Transplantes do Hospital Curry Cabral na sequência do contacto directo com doentes com Paramiloidose. A elevada morbilidade motivada por esta patologia e a ausência de terapêuticas eficazes com excepção do transplante hepático, motivou um grupo de cinco Enfermeiros para a realização de um estudo de investigação sobre o tema "Percepções e sentimentos que o doente com Paramiloidose vivencia após o transplante hepático: Que qualidade de Vida?". O presente estudo teve como objectivos analisar as percepções e sentimentos que os doentes com Paramiloidose vivenciam após o transplante hepático e avaliar se o transplante lhes proporcionou uma melhor qualidade de vida. Dada a natureza do fenómeno a estudar, optámos por um estudo exploratório, descritivo, retrospectivo com abordagem qualitativa, numa amostra de carácter intencional, não probabilística, constituída por seis doentes submetidos a transplante hepático há mais de um ano, com o diagnóstico de Polineuropatia Amiloidótica Familiar (PAF). os dados foram recolhidos através de entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados do estudo evidenciaram que após o transplante hepático, ocorreu na percepção destes doentes, uma melhoria significativa da sua qualidade de vida, embora haja referência ao impacto associado às interferências inerentes ao transplante em si, como sejam adaptação ao regime terapêutico da imunossupressão.
- Warm Antibody Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia Associated with Ovarian TeratomaPublication . Raimundo, P; Coelho, S; Cabeleira, A; Dias, L; Gonçalves, MThe ovarian cystic teratoma is a rare cause of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia by warm antibodies, resistant to corticotherapy, with few case reports published in the medical literature. We present a case of a 45-year-old woman admitted to hospital due to general weakness. Laboratory studies revealed macrocytic anaemia, biochemical parameters of haemolysis and peripheral spherocytosis. The direct Coombs test was positive. Viral serologies, anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies and β2-microglobulin were negative. CT scan of the thorax, abdomen and pelvis showed a heterogeneous right anexial lesion. The patient was treated with corticotherapy without improvement of anaemia. Regression of extra-vascular haemolysis and normalisation of haemoglobin was obtained only after laparoscopic splenectomy and right ooforectomy, and the histopathology of the right anexial mass revealed a cystic teratoma. Previously published cases controlled the haemolysis by surgically removing the lesion associated with splenectomy.