Browsing by Author "Pinto Marques, H"
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- Abernethy Malformation and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Serious Consequence of a Rare DiseasePublication . Jaklitsch, M; Sobral, M; Carvalho, AM; Pinto Marques, HCongenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) are a rare vascular consequence of embryogenetic vascular alterations or the persistence of the fetal circulation elements, first described by John Abernethy in 1793 and classified by Morgan and Superina, into complete and partial portosystemic shunts. Its prevalence to this day has not been defined. We present a patient series of a 44-year-old and 47-year-old man and woman, with this rare congenital malformation and underlining hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment strategies. Over half of the individuals with CPSS have benign or malignant liver tumours, ranging from nodular regenerative hyperplasia, focal nodular hyperplasia, adenomas, HCC and hepatoblastomas. Additionally, it is known that half of individuals with Abernethy malformation type Ib will develop one or multiple types of tumours. There seems to be a direct association with tumorigenesis and CPSS, which is the primary consequence of absent portal flow. Surgery is the treatment of choice, either as a curative resection or orthotopic liver transplantation if recommended as per the criteria, in which replacing the hepatic parenchyma in the setting of an Abernathy malformation will correct the underlining hyper-arterialisation.
- Alcohol Consumption Post-Liver Transplantation: a Cross-Sectional StudyPublication . Chálim Rebelo, C; Félix, C; Sousa Cardoso, F; Bagulho, L; Sousa, M; Mendes, M; Glória, H; Mateus, É; Mega, I; Jara, M; Pinto Marques, H; Nolasco, F; Martins, A; Perdigoto, RBackground: Listing patients with alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) for liver transplant (LT) remains challenging especially due to the risk of alcohol resumption post-LT. We aimed to evaluate post-LT alcohol consumption at a Portuguese transplant center. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study including LT recipients from 2019 at Curry Cabral Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal. A pretested survey and a validated Portuguese translation of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) were applied via a telephone call. Alcohol consumption was defined by patients' self-reports or a positive AUDIT. Results: In 2019, 122 patients underwent LT, and 99 patients answered the survey (June 2021). The mean (SD) age was 57 (10) years, 70 patients (70.7%) were males, and 49 (49.5%) underwent ALD-related LT. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 24 (20-26) months post-index LT, 22 (22.2%) recipients consumed any amount of alcohol: 14 had a drink monthly or less and 8 drank 2-4 times/month. On drinking days, 18 patients usually consumed 1-2 drinks and the remainder no more than 3-4 drinks. One patient reported having drunk ≥6 drinks on one occasion. All post-LT drinking recipients were considered low risk (score <8) as per the AUDIT score (median [IQR] of 1 [1-2]). No patient reported alcohol-related problems, whether self-inflicted or toward others. Drinking recipients were younger (53 vs. 59 years, p = 0.020), had more non-ALD-related LT (72.7 vs. 44.2%, p = 0.018) and active smoking (31.8 vs. 10.4%, p = 0.037) than abstinent ones. Conclusion: In our cohort, about a quarter of LT recipients consumed alcohol early posttransplant, all with a low-risk pattern according to the AUDIT score.
- An Attempt to Establish and Apply Global Benchmarks for Liver Resection of Malignant Hepatic TumorsPublication . Alaimo, L; Moazzam, Z; Lima, H; Endo, Y; Ruzzenente, A; Guglielmi, A; Ratti, F; Aldrighetti, L; Weiss, M; Bauer, T; Alexandrescu, S; Popescu, I; Poultsides, G; Maithel, S; Pinto Marques, H; Martel, G; Pulitano, C; Shen, F; Cauchy, F; Koerkamp, B; Endo, I; Kitago, M; Aucejo, F; Sasaki, K; Fields, R.; Hugh, T; Lam, V; Pawlik, TBackground: Benchmarking is a process of continuous self-evaluation and comparison with best-in-class hospitals to guide quality improvement initiatives. We sought to define global benchmarks relative to liver resection for malignancy and to assess their achievement in hospitals in the United States. Methods: Patients who underwent curative-intent liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, or colorectal or neuroendocrine liver metastases between 2000 and 2019 were identified from an international multi-institutional database. Propensity score matching was conducted to balance baseline characteristics between open and minimally invasive approaches. Best-in-class hospitals were defined relative to the achievement rate of textbook oncologic outcomes and case volume. Benchmark values were established relative to best-in-class institutions. The achievement of benchmark values among hospitals in the National Cancer Database was then assessed. Results: Among 2,624 patients treated at 20 centers, a majority underwent liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 1,609, 61.3%), followed by colorectal liver metastases (n = 650, 24.8%), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n = 299, 11.4%), and neuroendocrine liver metastases (n = 66, 2.5%). Notably, 1,947 (74.2%) patients achieved a textbook oncologic outcome. After propensity score matching, 6 best-in-class hospitals with the highest textbook oncologic outcome rates (≥75.0%) were identified. Benchmark values were calculated for margin positivity (≤11.7%), 30-day readmission (≤4.1%), 30-day mortality (≤1.6%), minor postoperative complications (≤24.7%), severe complications (≤12.4%), and failure to achieve the textbook oncologic outcome (≤22.8%). Among the National Cancer Database hospitals, global benchmarks for margin positivity, 30-day readmission, 30-day mortality, severe complications, and textbook oncologic outcome failure were achieved in 62.9%, 27.1%, 12.1%, 7.1%, and 29.3% of centers, respectively. Conclusion: These global benchmarks may help identify hospitals that may benefit from quality improvement initiatives, aiming to improve patient safety and surgical oncologic outcomes.
- Anastomose Biliar no Transplante Hepático: Com ou Sem Tubo em T?Publication . Carmelino, J; Rodrigues, S; Pinto Marques, H; Ribeiro, V; Virella, D; Alves, M; Martins, A; Barroso, EIntrodução: Complicações biliares ocorrem em 10% - 30% dos transplantes hepáticos. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar as incidências dessas complicações nos transplantes hepáticos em que foi ou não utilizado tubo em T na anastomose biliar. Material e Métodos: Análise de dois grupos de doentes submetidos a transplante hepático entre 2008 e 2012. Consideraram-se os doentes em que o tubo em T foi utilizado (G1) e em que não o foi (G2). Procuraram-se depois modelos explicativos da ocorrência de complicações biliares por regressão logística, incluindo as variáveis identificadas na análise univariável. Resultados: Estudaram-se 506 doentes consecutivos submetidos a um primeiro transplante hepático (G1 = 363; G2 = 143). A incidência global de complicações biliares foi 24,7% (IC 95% 21,1 - 28,6): 27,0% no G1 e 18,9% no G2 (p = 0,057). As incidências de estenose e de fístula biliar foram tendencialmente mais elevadas em G1: 19,6% (IC 95% 15,7-23,8) vs 15,4% (IC 95% 10,1 - 22,0) (p = 0,275) e 6,6% (IC 95% 4,4 - 9,5) vs 2,8% (IC 95% 0,9 - 6,6) (p = 0,091). Não se encontraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas taxas de colangiopancreatografia retrógrada endoscópica, reoperação e retransplante. Verificaram-se dois óbitos no G1. Não se encontrou associação entre a ocorrência de complicações biliares e os diâmetros das vias biliares ou o tempo de isquemia fria. O modelo explicativo ajustado à idade do recetor e do dador, e ao diagnóstico de base identifica o uso do tubo em T como aumentando a possibilidade da ocorrência de complicações biliares (AdjOR 1,71; IC 95% 1,04 - 2,80; p = 0,034). Discussão e Conclusão: A utilização do tubo em T deve ser uma decisão tomada caso a caso e baseada no julgamento intra-operatório de cirurgiões experientes.
- Antibodies Towards High-Density Lipoprotein Components in Patients with PsoriasisPublication . Hu, LS; Zhang, XF; Weiss, M; Popescu, I; Pinto Marques, H; Delgado Alves, L; Maithel, S; Pulitano, C; Bauer, T; Shen, F; Poultsides, G; Soubrane, O; Martel, G; Koerkamp, B; Itaru, E; Lv, Y; Pawlik, TObjectives: To assess conditional survival (CS) according to recurrence status, as well as conditional disease-free survival (cDFS) among patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Methods: CS and cDFS were evaluated among ICC patients who underwent curative-intent resection for ICC by using a multi-institutional database. Five-year CS (CS5) at "x" years was calculated separately for patients who did and did not experience recurrence. The cDFS3 at "x" years was defined as the chance to be disease-free for an additional 3 years after not having experienced a recurrence for "x" years postoperatively. Results: Among 1221 patients, median OS was 36.8 months. While estimated actuarial OS decreased over time, CS5 increased as patients survived over longer periods of time and reached 93.9% at 4 years among 139 patients who did not experience a recurrence. Among the 725 (59.4%) patients who did experience a tumor recurrence, CS5 decreased to 17.7% the first postoperative year; however, CS5 subsequently increased to 79.7% for 81 patients who had survived 4 years after surgery. While actuarial DFS decreased from 54.6% at 1 year to 28.2% at 5 years, estimated cDFS3 following liver resection increased over time. Of note, patients with known risk factors for recurrence had even more marked improvements in cDFS3 over subsequent years versus patients without risk factors for recurrence. Conclusion: CS and cDFS changed over time according to the presence of disease-specific risk factors, as well as the presence of recurrence.
- Application of Hazard Functions to Investigate Recurrence After Curative-Intent Resection for Hepatocellular CarcinomaPublication . Lima, H; Alaimo, L; Brown, Z; Endo, Y; Moazzam, Z; Tsilimigras, D; Shaikh, C; Resende, V; Guglielmi, A; Ratti, F; Aldrighetti, L; Pinto Marques, H; Soubrane, O; Lam, V; Poultsides, G; Popescu, I; Alexandrescu, S; Martel, G; Hugh, T; Endo, I; Shen, F; Pawlik, TBackground: Defining patterns and risk of recurrence can help inform surveillance strategies and patient counselling. We sought to characterize peak hazard rates (pHR) and peak time of recurrence among patients who underwent resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: 1434 patients who underwent curative-intent resection of HCC were identified from a multi-institutional database. Hazard, patterns, and peak rates of recurrence were characterized. Results: The overall hazard of recurrence peaked at 2.4 months (pHR: 0.0384), yet varied markedly. The incidence of recurrence increased with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0 (29%), A (54%), and B (64%). While the hazard function curve for BCLC 0 patients was relatively flat (pHR: <0.0177), BCLC A patients recurred with a peak at 2.4 months (pHR: 0.0365). Patients with BCLC B had a bimodal recurrence with a peak rate at 4.2 months (pHR: 0.0565) and another at 22.8 months. The incidence of recurrence also varied according to AFP level (≤400 ng/mL: 52.6% vs. >400 ng/mL: 36.3%) and Tumor Burden Score (low: 73.7% vs. medium: 50.6% vs. high: 24.2%) (both p < 0.001). Conclusion: Recurrence hazard rates for HCC varied substantially relative to both time and intensity/peak rates. TBS and AFP markedly impacted patterns of hazard risk of recurrence.
- Assessment of the Lymph Node Status in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: the New Eighth Edition AJCC Staging SystemPublication . Bagante, F; Spolverato, G; Weiss, M; Alexandrescu, S; Pinto Marques, H; Aldrighetti, L; Maithel, SK; Pulitano, C; Bauer, TW; Shen, F; Poultsides, GA; Soubrane, O; Martel, G; Groot Koerkamp, B; Guglielmi, A; Itaru, E; Pawlik, TMINTRODUCTION: The role of routine lymphadenectomy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is still controversial. The AJCC eighth edition recommends a minimum of six harvested lymph nodes (HLNs) for adequate nodal staging. We sought to define outcome and risk of death among patients who were staged with ≥6 HLNs versus <6 HLNs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients undergoing hepatectomy for ICC between 1990 and 2015 at 1 of the 14 major hepatobiliary centers were identified. RESULTS: Among 1154 patients undergoing hepatectomy for ICC, 515 (44.6%) had lymphadenectomy. On final pathology, 200 (17.3%) patients had metastatic lymph node (MLN), while 315 (27.3%) had negative lymph node (NLN). Among NLN patients, HLN was associated with 5-year OS (p = 0.098). While HLN did not impact 5-year OS among MLN patients (p = 0.71), the number of MLN was associated with 5-year OS (p = 0.02). Among the 317 (27.5%) patients staged according the AJCC eighth edition staging system, N1 patients had a 3-fold increased risk of death compared with N0 patients (hazard ratio 3.03; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Only one fourth of patients undergoing hepatectomy for ICC had adequate nodal staging according to the AJCC eighth edition. While the six HLN cutoff value impacted prognosis of N0 patients, the number of MLN rather than HLN was associated with long-term survival of N1 patients.
- Classification of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma into Perihilar Versus Peripheral SubtypePublication . Wei, T; Lu, J; Xiao, XL; Weiss, M; Popescu, I; Pinto Marques, H; Aldrighetti, L; Maithel, SK; Pulitano, C; Bauer, TW; Shen, F; Poultsides, GA; Soubrane, O; Martel, G; Koerkamp, BG; Itaru, E; Lv, Y; Zhang, XF; Pawlik, TMBackground: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) constitutes a group of heterogeneous malignancies within the liver. We sought to subtype ICC based on anatomical origin of tumors, as well as propose modifications of the current classification system. Methods: Patients undergoing curative-intent resection for ICC, hilar cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were identified from three international multi-institutional consortia of databases. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes were assessed. Results: Among 1264 patients with ICC, 1066 (84.3%) were classified as ICC-peripheral subtype, whereas 198 (15.7%) were categorized as ICC-perihilar subtype. Compared with ICC-peripheral subtype, ICC-perihilar subtype was more often associated with aggressive tumor characteristics, including a higher incidence of nodal metastasis, macro- and microvascular invasion, perineural invasion, as well as worse overall survival (OS) (median: ICC-perihilar 19.8 vs. ICC-peripheral 37.1 months; p < 0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (median: ICC-perihilar 12.8 vs. ICC-peripheral 15.2 months; p = 0.019). ICC-perihilar subtype and hilar CCA had comparable OS (19.8 vs. 21.4 months; p = 0.581) and DFS (12.8 vs. 16.8 months; p = 0.140). ICC-peripheral subtype tumors were associated with more advanced tumor features, as well as worse survival outcomes versus HCC (OS, median: ICC-peripheral 37.1 vs. HCC 74.3 months; p < 0.001; DFS, median: ICC-peripheral 15.2 vs. HCC 45.5 months; p < 0.001). Conclusions: ICC should be classified as ICC-perihilar and ICC-peripheral subtype based on distinct clinicopathological features and survival outcomes. ICC-perihilar subtype behaved more like carcinoma of the bile duct (i.e., hilar CCA), whereas ICC-peripheral subtype had features and a prognosis more akin to a primary liver malignancy.
- Comparative Performances of the 7th and the 8th Editions of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Systems for Intrahepatic CholangiocarcinomaPublication . Spolverato, G; Bagante, F; Weiss, M; Alexandrescu, S; Pinto Marques, H; Aldrighetti, L; Maithel, SK; Pulitano, C; Bauer, TW; Shen, F; Poultsides, GA; Soubrane, O; Martel, G; Koerkamp, BG; Guglielmi, A; Itaru, E; Pawlik, TMBACKGROUND: We sought to evaluate and validate the 8th edition of the AJCC classification using a multi-institutional cohort of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). METHODS: Patients undergoing curative-intent hepatic resection for ICC between 1990 and 2015 at 14 major hepatobiliary centers were included and were staged according to 7th and 8th editions AJCC criteria. RESULTS: A total of 1154 patients underwent liver resection for ICC. When patients were staged using the AJCC 7th edition, T2a, T2b, and T4 patients had a higher hazard ratio (HR) of death compared with T1 (T2a, HR 1.43, P = 0.004; T2b, HR 1.99, P < 0.001; T4, HR 2.20, P < 0.001). T3 patients had a higher HR of death compared with T1 patients (HR 1.30, P = 0.029) but lower than T2a and T2b. According to AJCC 8th edition, T1b, T2, and T4 patients were at higher risk of death compared with T1a patients (T1b, HR 1.91, P < 0.001; T2, HR 2.29, P < 0.001; T4, HR 4.16, P < 0.001). As in the AJCC 7th edition, AJCC 8th edition T3 patients had a higher HR of death compared with T1 patients (HR 1.65, P = 0.001) but lower than T1b and T2. AJCC 8th edition. T-category performed slightly better than AJCC 7th edition with a C-index of 0.609 versus 0.590. CONCLUSIONS: A staging system that perfectly discriminates between stages has not yet been developed, but the AJCC 8th edition was able to better stratify the risk of death of Stage III and T3 patients.
- Complications After Liver Surgery: a Benchmark AnalysisPublication . Bagante, F; Ruzzenente, A; Beal, E; Campagnaro, T; Merath, K; Conci, S; Akgül, O; Alexandrescu, S; Pinto Marques, H; Lam, V; Shen, F; Poultsides, G; Soubrane, O; Martel, G; Iacono, C; Guglielmi, A; Pawlik, TBackground: The best achievable short-term outcomes after liver surgery have not been identified. Several factors may influence the post-operative course of patients undergoing hepatectomy increasing the risk of post-operative complications. We sought to identify risk-adjusted benchmark values [BMV] for liver surgery. Methods: The National Surgery Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was used to develop Bayesian models to estimate risk-adjusted BMVs for overall and liver related (post-hepatectomy liver failure [PHLF], biliary leakage [BL]) complications. A separate international multi-institutional database was used to validate the risk-adjusted BMVs. Results: Among the 11,243 patients included in the NSQIP database, the incidence of complications, PHLF, and BL was 36%, 5%, and 8%, respectively. The risk-adjusted BMVs for complication (range, 16-72%), PHLF (range, 1%-20%), and BL (range, 4%-22%) demonstrated a high variability based on patients characteristics. When tested using an international database including nine institutes, the risk-adjusted BMVs for complications ranged from 26% (Institute-4) to 43% (Institute-1), BMVs for PHLF between 3% (Institute-3) and 12% (Institute-5), while BMVs for BL ranged between 5% (Institute-4) and 9% (Institute-7). Conclusions: Multiple factors influence the risk of complications following hepatectomy. Risk-adjusted BMVs are likely much more applicable and appropriate in assessing "acceptable" benchmark outcomes following liver surgery.